The Alborz Range, which is made up of the three eastern, central, and western sections, covers all the northern areas of the country all the way to the Aras River and the Ararat heights in northwestern Iran. Damavand is the highest volcanic peak of the country with 5671 meters high. Alamkouh is the most important glacier of the country. This peak is 4820 meters high and is located in Central Alborz. 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

The Zagross Range extends over all the western and southwestern areas of the country, ranging from the borders with Turkey all the way down to the vicinity of the Strait of Hormoz in the Persian Gulf. These heights are mainly remnants of the sediments of the Mesozoic and cover almost half of Iran. The Zagross Range has perpetually protected the central government against tribal attacks. Two volcanic peaks, namely Sahand, which is 3710 meters high, and Sabalan, which is 4821 meters high, are located in this region. The Zagross Range ends to the Makran Mountains (along the shores of the Sea of Oman) in the south. The Makran Mountains extend all the way to the Iran-Pakistan borders. The only lowlands of the country are in the central and eastern regions, comprising the central pits, the area known as Loute and Nahbandan fissures.

  

The Loute Pit, the area known as Jazmourian, the central salty desert areas, and the sandy Loute areas are located in the lowlands. The most important heights in this region are the Sistan Mountains and the volcanic peak of Taftan which is 4042 meters high.